IVF Treatment
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a method of insemination in which an egg is combined with sperm outside of the body. The procedure involves tracking and stimulating a woman’s ovulatory system, extracting an ovum or even ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries, and then allowing sperm to fertilise it in a fluid in a laboratory. After the fertilised egg (zygote) has gone through embryo culture for 2-6 days, it will be implanted in the same or another woman’s uterus with the goal of producing an active conception, as stated in an IVF treatment.
IVF is a type of assisted reproductive technology that is used to treat infertility and perform gestational surrogacy procedures. A fertilised egg could be inserted into a surrogate’s uterus, and the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate. Some countries have outlawed or limited access to IVF treatment, allowing for an increase in fertility tourism. The limitations on IVF availability include costs as well as age, in order for a woman to have a proper pregnancy to term. IVF is often used only after many less intrusive or costly treatments have failed or have been determined to be unlikely to function, according to the IVF specialist.
Why is Test Tube Baby Or IVF Treatment done?
In vitro fertilisation is a treatment for infertility and genetic disorders. Before undergoing IVF to treat infertility, you and your spouse may be able to explore various treatment methods that require fewer or no procedures to enter the body. Fertility medicines, for example, can stimulate the ovaries to produce more egg cells. Intrauterine insemination is a treatment that delivers sperm directly in the uterus near the period when an ovary produces an egg, known as ovulation.
Sometimes IVF is used as the primary treatment for infertility in persons over the age of 40. It can also be done if you have specific medical issues. For example, IVF may be an option if:
- Fallopian tube injury or obstruction: Eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus via the fallopian tubes. If both tubes are damaged or clogged, it becomes difficult for an egg to be fertilised or an embryo to go to the uterus.
- Ovulation problems: If ovulation does not occur or is infrequent, there are fewer eggs accessible for sperm to fertilise.
- Endometriosis: This syndrome occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside of the uterus. Endometriosis usually affects the ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes.
- Uterine fibroids: Fibroids are tumours in the uterus. They are usually not cancerous. They are common among persons in their thirties and forties. Fibroids might make it difficult for a fertilised egg to attach to the uterine lining.
- Previous pregnancy prevention surgery: Tubal ligation is a procedure that includes cutting or blocking the fallopian tubes to permanently prevent conception. If you want to conceive following tubal ligation, IVF could assist. It may be an option if you do not want or cannot have surgery to reverse tubal ligation.
- Sperm-related issues: A low sperm count or odd changes in their motility, size, or form can make it difficult for sperm to fertilise an egg. If medical testing reveals sperm difficulties, a consultation with an infertility specialist may be required to determine whether there are treatable problems or other health concerns.
- Unexplained infertility: This occurs when testing fails to identify the cause of an individual’s infertility.
- A genetic disease: If you or your partner are at risk of passing on a genetic condition to your kid, your doctor may consider IVF. It’s known as preimplantation genetic testing. After the eggs have been retrieved and fertilised, they are tested for genetic abnormalities. However, not all of these illnesses can be identified. Embryos that do not appear to have a genetic issue can be implanted in the uterus.
- A desire to maintain fertility owing to cancer or other medical issues: Radiation and chemotherapy are two cancer treatments that can have an adverse effect on fertility. If you are preparing to begin cancer treatment, IVF may be a viable option for future childbearing. Eggs can be collected from their ovaries and preserved for future use. Alternatively, the eggs might be fertilised and preserved as embryos for later use.
People who do not have a working uterus or for whom pregnancy poses a major health risk may choose IVF in which another person carries the pregnancy. The person is known as a gestational carrier. In this situation, your eggs are fertilised with sperm, but the embryos produced are implanted in the gestational carrier’s uterus.
Procedure For Process of Test Tube Baby Treatment
IVF can be performed by gathering the ingredients from a woman’s fallopian tubes or even uterus following organic ovulation, combining them with sperm, and then reinserting the fertilised eggs into the uterus. However, without additional procedures, the chances of conception will be extremely low. Additional methods commonly used in IVF include ovarian hyperstimulation to produce a large number of eggs, ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval directly from the ovaries, co-incubation of eggs and sperm, and culture and even collection of resulting embryos prior to embryo transfer into the uterus, according to the IVF physician.
Ovarian Hyperstimulation
Ovarian hyperstimulation is the stimulus that causes the progression of many follicles in the ovaries. It should begin with response prediction based on factors such as age, antral follicle count, and anti-Müllerian hormone level. The ensuing forecast of, for example, a weak or hyper-response to ovarian hyperstimulation determines the method and dose of ovarian hyperstimulation, according to an IVF specialist at the Dr. Sudha Tandon’s Fertility & IVF Center and test tube baby treatment centre.
Mild IVF is a procedure in which a low dose of ovarian stimulating medicines is utilised for a brief period during a woman’s natural cycle in order to generate 2-7 eggs and subsequently grow healthy embryos. This procedure appears to be an advancement in the field of reducing issues and unpleasant reactions for women, with an emphasis on excellence rather than the number of eggs and embryos. One study compares a moderate therapy (mild ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonist co-treatment and single embryo transfer) to a natural cure (stimulus with a GnRH agonist long-protocol and the transfer of two embryos). The results show that the ratios of cumulative pregnancies that resulted in term live birth after one year were 43.4% with mild cure and 44.7% with normal treatment. Mild IVF may be less expensive than typical IVF, with a significantly decreased risk of multiple gestations and OHSS.
Last maturation inception.
While the ovarian follicles have reached a certain amount of size, the final stage of oocyte maturation begins, typically with an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Often referred to as the trigger shot, hCG acts as a luteinizing hormone analogue, causing ovulation between 38 and 40 hours. Despite the fact that only one HCG dose is administered, egg retrieval occurs at any time, often between 34 and 36 hours after the HCG shot, well before the follicles burst. It allows for the arrangement of the egg retrieval process during the period when the eggs are fully developed. The HCG shot poses a risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Using a GnRH agonist instead of hCG reduces the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, but at a reduced delivery rate when the embryos are transferred fresh. As a result, many medical centres would deep freeze all oocytes or embryos after an agonist trigger, according to the IVF specialist.
Egg retrieval
The eggs are obtained from the patient through a transvaginal procedure known as transvaginal oocyte retrieval, which involves piercing the vaginal walls with an ultrasound-guided needle to reach the ovaries. During this procedure, follicles may be aspirated and the follicular fluids transported to an embryologist to differentiate ova. It is common to pull out between 10 and 30 eggs. The retrieval process typically takes between twenty and forty minutes, depending on the number of mature follicles, and is commonly performed under conscious sedation or even general anaesthesia, according to IVF Clinics.
Planning for both eggs and sperm
In the laboratory, the diagnosed eggs are stripped of cellular debris and thoroughly prepared for fertilisation. An oocyte selection procedure could be performed just before impregnation to select eggs with the best chances of successful conception. Meanwhile, semen is prepared for fertilisation by eliminating latent cellular debris and seminal fluids in a process called sperm cleaning. When a sperm donor donates semen, it is normally carefully prepared for a cure before being frozen and quarantined, and it will be thawed and ready for usage, according to the Best IVF specialist.
Co-incubation
To guarantee proper fertilisation, the sperm and egg are incubated together at a ratio of approximately 100000:1 in a culture medium. A study conducted in 2013 concluded that a period of co-incubation of one to four hours results in significantly higher pregnancy rates than sixteen to twenty-four hours. Typically, the egg is fertilised throughout co-incubation, but it will have two pronuclei. In some cases, such as poor sperm count or motility, a single sperm can be pumped directly into the egg via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The fertilised egg is transferred to a specific growth medium and allowed for 48 hours until the egg has 6 to 8 cells, according to the IVF specialist at Dr. Sudha Tandon’s Fertility & IVF Center.
Embryo culture
The most essential stages of embryo culture occur during the cleavage phase (days 2 to 4 after co-incubation) or even the blastocyst phase (days 5 or 6 after co-incubation). Embryo culture until the blastocyst phase increases the live birth rate per embryo transfer while also reducing the number of embryos designed for removal and embryo cryopreservation, so cleavage phase transfer improves cumulative medical conception rates. The live birth rate does not differ between transmission days two and three after fertilisation. Preterm delivery (chance ratio 1:3) and congenital defects (probability ratio 1:3) are significantly more common among newborns harbouring embryos cultured till the blastocyst phase than at the cleavage stage, according to the test tube baby treatment centre.
Embryo assortment
Laboratories use established grading methodologies to determine oocyte and embryo quality. To maximise conception rates, there is plenty of evidence that a morphological scoring approach is an excellent method for selecting embryos. Since 2009, when the first time-lapse microscopy approach for IVF was validated for medical use, morphokinetic scoring systems have shown to improve conception rates even more. However, when many different types of time-lapse embryo imaging products, with or without morphokinetic scoring techniques, are compared to traditional embryo evaluation for IVF, there is undoubtedly insufficient evidence of a difference in live-birth, conception, stillbirth, or miscarriage to choose the IVF doctor from the infertility treatment centre.
Embryo transfer
The quantity to be transmitted is determined by the amount available, the lady’s age, and various other health and diagnostic factors. Unless otherwise specified, an optimum of two embryos is transmitted in countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and even New Zealand. In the United Kingdom and also under HFEA regulations, a woman over the age of forty may have up to three embryos transferred, whereas in the United States, there is no legal limit on the number of embryos that may be transmitted, despite the fact that healthcare organisations have provided practice recommendations. Many treatment centres, as well as national regulatory agencies, try to decrease the risk of multiple pregnancies, as it is very uncommon for many embryos to embed when numerous embryos are transported. A small, plastic catheter is used to deliver embryos to the patient’s uterus, passing through both her vagina and cervix. Many embryos can be put into the uterus to increase the chances of implantation and pregnancy, according to Dr. Sudha Tandon’s Fertility & IVF Center.
Success Rates
Most IVF methods have high success rates. Depending on the technique of estimation used, this figure may represent the number of established pregnancies, known as the maternity rate, or the number of live births, known as the live birth rate. The accomplishment rate is determined by factors such as maternal age, the cause of infertility, embryo level, previous reproductive history, and lifestyle factors. As a result of advances in reproductive technology, IVF success rates are much greater today than they were a few years ago, according to the IVF Treatment cost.
Risk Factors in the Process of IVF Treatments
IVF increases the likelihood of specific health issues. These dangers range from short to long term, including:
- Stress: IVF can be exhausting for the body, mind, and financially. Counsellors, family, and friends can support you and your partner through the ups and downs of infertility therapy.
- Complications related to egg retrieval procedures: After taking medications to stimulate the formation of sacs in the ovaries, each of which contains an egg, the eggs are collected using a technique. This procedure is known as egg retrieval. Ultrasound pictures are used to guide a long, thin needle through the vagina and into the egg-harvesting sacs, commonly known as follicles. The needle may result in bleeding, infection, or injury to the colon, bladder, or blood vessel. There are additional risks associated with anaesthesia, which is a medication that can help you sleep and reduce pain during the treatment.
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHS): This is a syndrome in which the ovaries become enlarged and uncomfortable. It can be produced by administering fertility medications such as human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) to induce ovulation.
Symptoms can continue as long as a week. Mild abdominal pain, bloating, upset stomach, vomiting, and diarrhoea are some of the symptoms. If you get pregnant, your symptoms may linger for a few weeks. Some patients develop a severe form of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which can also cause fast weight gain and shortness of breath. - Miscarriage: Miscarriage rates for persons who conceive using IVF with fresh embryos are comparable to those who conceive spontaneously, ranging from 15% for pregnant women in their 20s to more than 50% for those in their 40s. The rate grows with the pregnant woman’s age.
- Ectopic Pregnancy: This is a condition in which a fertilised egg attaches to tissue outside the uterus, typically in a fallopian tube. The embryo cannot survive outside the uterus, hence the pregnancy cannot continue. An ectopic pregnancy occurs in a small percentage of people who undergo IVF.
- Multiple Pregnancies: IVF increases the likelihood of having multiple babies. Pregnancy with multiple babies increases the risk of pregnancy-related high blood pressure and diabetes, early labour and delivery, low birth weight, and birth abnormalities compared to pregnancy with a single baby.
- Defects present at birth: The age of the mother is the primary risk factor for birth abnormalities, regardless of how the kid is conceived. However, assisted reproductive technologies such as IVF have been linked to a slightly greater risk of a kid being born with heart disease, digestive disorders, or other diseases. More research is needed to determine whether the increased risk is caused by IVF or something else.
- Premature labour and low birth weight: According to research, IVF slightly increases the likelihood of the baby being born prematurely or with a low birth weight.
- Cancer: Some early investigations revealed that certain medications used to enhance egg formation could be associated with a certain type of ovarian tumour. Recent research, however, contradicts these conclusions. There does not appear to be a significantly increased risk of breast, endometrial, cervical, or ovarian cancer after IVF.
Why Choose Dr. Sudha Tandon’s Test Tube Baby Centre in Mumbai?
- Our team of experienced embryologists and IVF doctors in Mumbai ensures a high success rate. They can have a higher success percentage with IVF treatment.
- Trained and experienced IVF doctors offer personalised fertility care for test tube babies in Mumbai. We have trained and skilled IVF doctors who have received further training beyond the basics of obstetrics and gynaecology.
- Dr. Sudha Tandon’s test tube baby centre in Mumbai has an in-house IVF centre with an andrology lab, an IVF lab, and a sonography facility.
- We offer affordable fertility care and assisted reproduction techniques.
Test Tube baby treatment or IVF treatment is done for couples who do not conceive by the natural method. In a natural pregnancy and in IUI, the fertilization of the egg and sperm happens inside woman’s body. In IVF/ ICSI, the fertilization is done outside the body – in the ART laboratory. The term “test-tube baby,” prior to the development of in vitro fertilization technologies in the twentieth century, was used to refer to babies born as a result of artificial insemination. Since all these procedures assist reproduction, they are called as Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART).
Kanupriya Agarwal, India’s first test tube baby was brought into life in the year 1978 by the hands of Dr Subhash Mukhopadhayay, a physician from Hazaribagh, Bihar (now Jharkhand), succeeding the world’s first test tube baby Marie Louise Brown born in United Kingdom by just 67 days.
Indications – Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART).
Woman with PCOS/endometriosis
Cause of infertility is unknown.
It is also advised in men with a borderline low sperm count and for those who are in touring jobs.
Donor sperms are used in men who have no sperms in their semen.
Low Sperm Count.
Tubal Block.
Severe endometriosis and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.
Unexplained infertility.
Failed Previous IUI cycles.
Infertility due to any cause refractory to conventional medical and surgical management.
Women with poor ovarian reserve
Women wanting to use donor eggs or for surrogacy treatment
Dr Sudha Tandon has two test tube baby centers in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai respectively. Both the test baby centers are the best IVF Centers in India and managed by Dr. Sudha Tandon and team. She has been helping couples to fulfill their dream of parenthood. She and her experienced team have helped over 3000 couple’s battle various fertility issues for more than 25 years.
The test tube baby center in Chembur and Vashi offer wide range of assisted reproductive procedure which are as follows:
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
In-vitro Insemination (IVF)
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
PESA/ TESA/ TESE – surgical aspiration of sperms from epididymis / testes
Surrogacy and Donor’s Egg/oocytes
Fertility preservation (freezing of sperms/ oocytes/ embryos)
PGS / PGS – identify genetic defects in embryos. This prevents certain genetic diseases or disorders from being passed on to the child.
The test tube baby center in Chembur is open 24×7, whereas the Vashi center is a day care center.
The Success rate of IUI treatment at our center is 20-25 %
The Success rate of IVF treatment at our center is 40-50%
The Success rate of ICSI treatment at our center is 40-50%
We at Dr Sudha Tandon’s fertility, IVF, Gynaec Endoscopy and Maternity center have helped over 3000+ couple battle various fertility issues in last 25 years.
We at Dr Sudha Tandon’s fertility, IVF, Gynaec Endoscopy and Maternity center have all world class facility for laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic surgery for all pelvic pathologies and Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) / In-vitro Insemination (IVF) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatment for Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART).
